Sitasiyo fatizo ni iki
Mu myaka yashize, amakuru nkaya yagiye agaragara buri gihe:
Ba nyir'amazu barwanyije iyubakwa rya sitasiyo fatizo kandi baca insinga za optique ku giti cyabo, kandi abo bashoramari batatu bakomeye bakoranye mu gusenya sitasiyo zose z’ibanze muri parike.
Ndetse kubaturage basanzwe, uyumunsi, mugihe interineti igendanwa yinjiye mubice byose byubuzima, bazaba bafite imyumvire rusange: ibimenyetso bya terefone igendanwa bitangwa na sitasiyo fatizo.Noneho sitasiyo fatizo isa ite?
Sisitemu yuzuye ya sitasiyo igizwe na BBU, RRU na sisitemu yo kugaburira antene (antenna).
Muri byo, BBU (Base band Unite, ishami rishinzwe gutunganya baseband) nibikoresho byingenzi muri sitasiyo fatizo.Mubisanzwe ishyirwa mubyumba bya mudasobwa byihishe kandi ntibishobora kubonwa nabenegihugu basanzwe.BBU ishinzwe gutunganya ibimenyetso namakuru yumurongo wibanze hamwe nabakoresha.Porotokole igoye cyane na algorithms mu itumanaho rya mobile byose bishyirwa mubikorwa muri BBU.Ndetse dushobora kuvuga ko sitasiyo fatizo ari BBU.
Urebye uko bigaragara, BBU isa cyane nagasanduku nyamukuru ka mudasobwa ya desktop, ariko mubyukuri, BBU isa na seriveri yabigenewe (aho kuba intego rusange ya mudasobwa).Ibikorwa byayo byingenzi bigerwaho nubwoko bubiri.Ikibaho cyingenzi kibaho nubuyobozi bukuru hamwe na baseband.
Ifoto iri hejuru ni ikadiri ya BBU.Birashobora kugaragara neza ko hari ibibanza 8 bisa nkibikurura mumurongo wa BBU, kandi ikibaho nyamukuru cyo kugenzura hamwe na bande ya baseband gishobora kwinjizwa muri utwo duce, kandi ikadiri ya BBU Ikibaho kinini cyingenzi cyo kugenzura n’ibibaho bya baseband bigomba gushyirwamo, cyane cyane ukurikije ubushobozi busabwa kuri sitasiyo fatizo igomba gufungurwa.Ibibaho byinshi byinjijwemo, nubushobozi bwa sitasiyo fatizo ni, kandi abakoresha benshi bashobora gutangwa icyarimwe.
Inama nkuru yubugenzuzi ishinzwe gutunganya ibimenyetso (RRC signal) uhereye kumurongo wibanze hamwe na terefone igendanwa yumukoresha, ishinzwe guhuza no gutumanaho numuyoboro wibanze, kandi ishinzwe kwakira amakuru ya GPS hamwe namakuru ahagarara.
RRU (Ishami rya Radiyo ya kure) yabanje gushyirwa kumurongo wa BBU.Yahoze yitwa RFU (Radio Frequency Unit).Byakoreshejwe muguhindura ibimenyetso bya baseband byanyujijwe ku kibaho cya baseband binyuze muri fibre optique mumirongo yumurongo ifitwe nuwabikoraga.Ikimenyetso kinini-cyoherejwe kuri antenne binyuze muri federasiyo.Nyuma, kubera ko igihombo cyohereza ibiryo cyagaragaye ko ari kinini cyane, niba RFU yashyizwe mumurongo wa BBU igashyirwa mucyumba cy’imashini, hanyuma antene ikamanikwa ku munara wa kure, intera yo kugaburira ibiryo iri kure cyane kandi igihombo ni nini cyane, gusa rero fata RFU hanze.Koresha fibre optique (gutakaza fibre optique ni ntoya) kugirango umanike kuminara hamwe na antene, bityo bihinduka RRU, nigice cya radio ya kure.
Hanyuma, antenne abantu bose babona kenshi mumihanda no mumihanda yumujyi ni antenne itanga ibimenyetso simusiga.Ibice byinshi byubatswe byigenga byigenga byigenga bya LTE cyangwa 5G, niko amakuru menshi ashobora koherezwa icyarimwe, kandi nini igipimo cyo kohereza amakuru.
Kuri antene ya 4G, ibice 8 byigenga byigenga birashobora kugerwaho, nuko hariho intera 8 hagati ya RRU na antene.Imigaragarire 8 munsi yumurongo wa RRU 8 irashobora kugaragara neza mubishusho hejuru, mugihe ishusho ikurikira irerekana Ni antenne ya 8 ya antenne 8.
Imigaragarire 8 kuri RRU igomba guhuzwa nintera 8 kuri antenne ikoresheje ibiryo 8, bityo rero insinga yumukara irashobora kugaragara kuri pole ya antenne.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-01-2021